Habitats faunique de Pessamiulnut

Uapishtan utetuaun – Une convergence des savoirs innus et scientifiques sur l'habitat  de la martre

Louis-Philippe Ménard, ing.f. -  Nature Québec  - 2018

La martre:

• utilise des forêts de conifères matures ou vieilles.
• utilise des forêts mixtes.
• utilise des couverts denses pour se protéger contre les prédateurs.
• De gros chicots, de gros débris ligneux, des souches, des amas de roches, des grottes ou des terriers peuvent servir de tanières à la martre.
• est un prédateur généraliste et peut se nourrir d’écureuils, de tamias, de souris, de campagnols, de mulots, de belettes, de martres, de lièvres, de gélinottes huppées, de tétras du Canada, de batraciens, de couleuvres, de charognes, d’œufs, de petits fruits et de poissons.
• Les débris ligneux sont utilisés pour la chasse.
• peut chasser dans des espaces sous la neige.
• Le lynx du Canada, le loup, le renard roux, l’ours noir, la martre, le pékan et des oiseaux de proie sont des prédateurs de la martre.
• La martre évite les coupes totales pendant plusieurs années

Habitats faunique de Pessamiulnut 

Nature Québec  - 2018

La martre d’Amérique est un petit mammifère de la famille des mustélidés qui est souvent associé aux vieilles forêts mixtes et résineuses. Depuis l’arrivée du commerce des fourrures, cet animal représente une source de revenus pour les Pessamiulnut. Autrefois, sa fourrure était aussi utilisée dans la fabrication de vêtements et sa viande pouvait être consommée lorsque les autres sources de nourritures se faisaient rares. Après avoir consulté des Pessamiulnut et la littérature scientifique, nous avons conçu une fiche qui présente les besoins en habitats de la martre d’Amérique dans le Nitassinan de Pessamit.

Vermont Martens

The American marten reappears in Vermont and intrigues researchers

Paige Fisher - vtdigger - August 18, 2023

Elusive, beady-eyed and adorable, the American marten, colloquially known as a pine marten, has a long, tumultuous history. After being practically wiped from Vermont’s landscape in the 1800s, reintroduced in the 1990s and disappearing again, these mammals now scurry among the Green Mountains, intriguing and puzzling researchers. Martens are medium-sized carnivorous animals in the weasel family. In direct competition with fishers, they mostly snack on small mammals like red squirrels. But, if enticed by denser calories, they can take down something as large as a snowshoe hare, said Jill Kilborn, biologist for New Hampshire Fish and Game ... The Endangered Species Act was legislated in 1973 and martens were listed as endangered in Vermont and New Hampshire, said Paul Hapeman, a specialist in small carnivore conservation at Central Connecticut State University. Because Vermont is the southernmost region of marten territory, there’s a good chance the martens that reside in the north are from neighboring states or Canada. And in southern Vermont, there’s a good chance they came from the reintroduction 30 years ago. And sightings of the mammals in the middle area of the state remain a puzzle, he said. His team is working to unravel the mystery by looking at the populations’ genetics, Hapeman said.  Depending on those results, that initial reintroduction effort could be a huge victory for conservationists.

Your odds of seeing a marten in Vermont may be increasing

Mikaela Lefrak, Daniela Fierro - Vermont Public Radio - December 18, 2023

Researchers have identified two distinct marten populations in the state—one in the Northeast Kingdom and another in southern Vermont. Brehan Furfey, a wildlife biologist and the furbearer project leader for the state, explains what makes the marten special.

Multiscale landscape genetics of American marten at their southern range periphery

Aylward, Murdoch, Kilpatrick - Nature - 28 Jan 2020

American marten (Martes americana) are a conservation priority in many forested regions of North America. Populations are fragmented at the southern edge of their distribution due to suboptimal habitat conditions. Facilitating gene flow may improve population resilience through genetic and demographic rescue ... circuit theory was used to identify potential movement corridors 

Archive

Ecology of American martens in the transitional boreal-deciduous forests of Adirondack Park

American Martens in Adirondacks: Tug Hill

On the Doorstep: Could American Martens Recolonize Tug Hill?

NYS Tug Hill Commission - Feb 21, 2024

In the northeastern U.S., the historical distribution of American martens (Martes americana) included most of New England and New York State. However, widespread land use changes in the 19th century coupled with a lack of regulations to limit trapping harvests, led to a severe reduction in their geographic range. By the turn of the century in New York, martens were restricted to the High Peaks region of the Adirondacks, a natural refugia within this remote and rugged landscape; features which simultaneously made it inaccessible to trappers and difficult for logging. With added protections in place, marten populations began to increase in the mid-1930s and since then have recovered much of their range in the Adirondacks. In this presentation, Paul Jensen will share results of recent research on this species and discuss the potential for martens to recolonize the Tug Hill region.

Ecology of American martens in the transitional boreal-deciduous forests of Adirondack Park

ForestConnect - Mar 22, 2021

Presented 3/17/2021 by Dr. Paul Jensen. American martens (Martes americana) are small, forest-dependent carnivores that rely on complex forest structure to meet their life history requirements. Previous research in the northeastern U.S. has also demonstrated that marten populations are closely linked with pulsed mast crops (e.g., as produced by American beech (Fagus grandifolia) and American mountain ash (Sorbus americana)). These pulses result in strong bottom-up effects that have both immediate and time-lagged consequences on these predators and their small mammal prey. Please join us as Dr. Jensen discusses the fascinating natural history of these carnivores and his previous research in Adirondack Park, and shares recent results of American Wildlife Conservation Fund sponsored research to develop and deploy small (approx. 30 g) GPS collars on martens to better understand movements and space use relative to mast pulses.

Abiotic conditions mediate intraguild interactions between mammalian carnivores

Paul G. Jensen, Murray M. Humphries - Animal Ecology - 25 June 2019

Model selection revealed that fisher use of this landscape was strongly influenced by late winter abiotic conditions, but other bottom-up (forest composition) and top-down (coyote abundance) factors also influenced their distribution. Overall, fisher probability of use was higher where late winter temperatures were warmer, snowpack was deeper, and measures of productivity were greater. Martens were constrained to areas of the landscape where the probability of fisher use, coyote abundance, and productivity were low and selected for forest conditions that presumably maximized prey availability. Marten age data indicated an increased proportion of juveniles outside of the predicted area of sympatry, suggesting that few animals survived >1.5 years in this area that supported higher densities of fishers and coyotes.

Archives

American Martens in Adirondacks: Tug Hill

On the Doorstep: Could American Martens Recolonize Tug Hill?

NYS Tug Hill Commission - Feb 21, 2024

In the northeastern U.S., the historical distribution of American martens (Martes americana) included most of New England and New York State. However, widespread land use changes in the 19th century coupled with a lack of regulations to limit trapping harvests, led to a severe reduction in their geographic range. By the turn of the century in New York, martens were restricted to the High Peaks region of the Adirondacks, a natural refugia within this remote and rugged landscape; features which simultaneously made it inaccessible to trappers and difficult for logging. With added protections in place, marten populations began to increase in the mid-1930s and since then have recovered much of their range in the Adirondacks. In this presentation, Paul Jensen will share results of recent research on this species and discuss the potential for martens to recolonize the Tug Hill region.

Ag Weekly: Restoring martens to the Tug Hill

Emily Griffin - WWNY Watertown - Feb. 14, 2024 

A study was done recently through the state Department of Environmental Conservation to determine the potential of recolonizing the Tug Hill region with the weaselly critters.

A little weaselly? Could martens return to Tug Hill

Daily Sentinel Rome NY -  Feb 1, 2024

Environmental Conservation Regional Wildlife Program Manager Paul Jensen, will share the results of recent research on martens and discuss the potential for martens to recolonize the Tug Hill region.

Martens and bobcats and bears, oh my! Footage offers new view of upstate wildlife.

H. Rose Schneider -  Times Union -  Feb. 1, 2024

A marten scampers across the snow. A bear inspects a pole used to measure snow depth. A moose stares straight down a night-vision camera, its eyes ghost-white. These are among the tens of thousands of images collected via camera traps by the Adirondack Inventory and Monitoring Network, or AIM, a collaboration that includes State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry and Paul Smith’s College.

Site occupancy by American martens and fishers in temperate deciduous forests of Québec

Site occupancy by American martens and fishers in temperate deciduous forests of Québec 

Pauline Suffice et al - Journal of Mammalogy - 09 December 2022

We formulated hypotheses ... based on the knowledge of local trappers and on the scientific literature regarding forest cover composition, habitat fragmentation, and competitive relationships. We used a network of 49 camera traps monitored over two fall seasons to document site occupancy by both species ...  None of the habitat variables that we considered explained site occupancy by fishers.  Availability of dense old coniferous stands explained the spatial distribution of martens ... Hot Spots for Fishers (HSF) coniferous or mixedwood stands taller than 7 m with a canopy closure ≥ 25%;  Hot Spots for Martens (HSM): mixedwood or coniferous stands >12 m in height and >90 years old, with a canopy closure ≥ 60% ... trappers stated that martens preferentially used mixedwood or mature coniferous stands that were “dirty and dense” in our study region, corresponding to uneven-aged multistage forests ... Trappers identified deciduous stands as being used by martens to hunt and travel to other areas. In the same study region, trappers indicated that fishers also use mixedwood and coniferous stands, but these stands were not as dense nor as old as those used by martens ... The characteristics of habitat hotspots refine the habitat suitability model for American martens in the temperate deciduous forest and highlight the importance of combining several attributes of stand structure to describe marten habitat, including stand composition, age, and canopy closure. In contrast, site occupancy by fishers in the fall did not vary with any habitat characteristics .... fishers are generalists in this region.

Contributions des savoirs locaux des piégeurs dans la compréhension de l'occupation des habitats par le pékan et la martre d'Amérique en forêt tempérée feuillue

Pauline Suffice - Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue - 2019

Le pékan (Pekania pennanti) et la martre d’Amérique (Martes americana) sont deux espèces focales utilisées pour guider l’aménagement forestier durable qui vise notamment à préserver la biodiversité ... Le Témiscamingue est l’une des régions de la forêt tempérée feuillue où il se capture le plus de martres au Québec. Cette région correspond aussi à la limite nordique de l’aire de répartition du pékan ...  Les piégeurs ont souligné que la martre et le pékan ne sont pas exclusifs aux forêts de conifères, bien que la martre y soit plus étroitement associée que le pékan. De plus, le pékan tire parti des environnements ouverts, y compris les systèmes agroforestiers. Par ailleurs, l’augmentation de la fréquence des phénomènes de gel-dégel qui entraînent la formation d'une croûte de glace à la surface de la neige, liée aux changements climatiques, favorise les déplacements du pékan qui étant plus lourd bénéficie d'une surface glacée ...  La martre ... subit l’augmentation des pluies hivernales et printanières qui réduiraient sa capacité de thermorégulation et entraveraient ses mouvements en réduisant l'accès aux zones subnivales par la création d’une croûte de glace sur la neige ...  l’occupation de sites par la martre n’est pas affectée par la présence du pékan durant l’automne. Par contre, la disponibilité de vieux peuplements mixtes ou résineux denses explique la répartition spatiale de la martre ... 

Links/Liens: Pauline Suffice

Archives/Notes

Une douzième servitude de conservation pour la Fiducie Foncière du Mont Pinacle

Une douzieme servitude de conservation pour la Fiducie Fonciere du Mont Pinacle

Corridor appalachien - 17 octobre 2023 

La Fiducie foncière du mont Pinacle (FFMP) et l’organisme Corridor appalachien sont heureux d’annoncer l’acquisition d’une nouvelle servitude de conservation dans le secteur du mont Pinacle à Frelighsburg. Dernièrement, Lise Gagné et Renaud Coulombe ont fait don à la FFMP d’une servitude de conservation à perpétuité de 5,98 acres (2,42 ha) sur leur propriété située en zone blanche du mont Pinacle, soit dans le secteur nord-est de la montagne.  

Liens: [pdf]

A twelfth easement for the Mount Pinnacle Land Trust

Appalachian Corridor - October 17, 2023

The Mount Pinnacle Land Trust (FFMP) and Appalachian Corridor are pleased to announce the acquisition of a new conservation easement in the Mount Pinnacle sector of Frelighsburg. Lise Gagné and Renaud Coulombe recently donated to the FFMP a 5.98-acre (2.42 ha) conservation easement in perpetuity on their property located in the white zone of Mount Pinnacle (mountain's northeast sector). 

Links: [pdf]

La conservation bonifiée au mont Pinacle

Karine Blanchard - La Voix de l'Est - 18 octobre 2023

La propriété située en zone blanche a été offerte par Lise Gagné et Renaud Coulombe à la Fiducie foncière du mont Pinacle. Tout le processus a été réalisé en collaboration avec l’organisme Corridor appalachien. La servitude représente la grande majorité de la propriété qui compte deux habitats forestiers (une érablière avec hêtres à grandes feuilles et une érablière avec bouleaux jaunes) et deux ruisseaux.